Monday, June 10, 2019

artificial womb

Artificial Womb

 
#preterm infants     #artificial womb     #human womb     #reproductive technology     #premature babies     #fetal surgeon     #human beings     #amniotic fluid     #fetal surgery     #children hospital    
When images appeared last year of foetal lambs that grow in "Biobags" - gigantic, translucent, polyethylene bags filled with amniotic fluid - Anna Smajdor's visceral and instant response was terrifying. 31For others, an artificial uterus would be the ultimate gender equalizer - freeing women from the discomfort, pain and sometimes considerable risk of pregnancy and childbirth, and giving single or gay men an alternative to surrogacy. 31Alan Flake, left, leads a team that develops a Biobag or artificial uterus to help keep infants born prematurely alive. 31Flake insists that his team does not seek to extend the boundaries of preemie viability and says that the first events in pregnancy and foetal development "absolutely require hormones, growth factors, antibodies and other elements that only the true mother and the placenta can provide. 31
Under the leadership of Dr. Yoshinori Kuwabara of Juntendo University, the work resulted in the announcement of a 17 - week - old male fetus removed from the womb for three weeks in an artificial womb. 21Advances in neonatology can also lay the foundations for the eventual creation of artificial uterus. 21Isolettes - the technologically advanced incubators that fill the neonatal intensive care units of large hospitals - are, as one might say, a rougher version of an artificial uterus. 21
Of course, there are still many scientific and biological obstacles, and doctors working with supported Reproductive technologies are reluctant to predict The future "The uterus is a complex body," says Dr. David Adamson, Director of Fertility doctors in Northern California and The former president of The Society foradvanced Reproductive Technology. 21Artificial uterus advocates also point to what they consider the potential medical benefits of this technology : to help women who have experienced many miscarriages due to embryo implantation problems, or women who have had hysterectomies caused by uterine cancer. 21For women with multiple pregnancies, artificial uterus may provide a temporary place for one or two foetuses at the end of pregnancy, when the uterus becomes more congested and the risk of complications for herself and her children is higher. 21
In fact, they work with some bioethics to identify the best way to introduce artificial uterus into the clinic as soon as the technology is ready. 32Machines and artificial food sources are not as good as the blood supply of placenta and mother. 32
Alan Flake, a paediatric and foetal surgeon at the Philadelphia Children's Hospital, has tested a variety of biobag on prenatal lambs, whose results are described in Nature Communications over the week. 9Neither of these artificial environments is available to infants in the clinic, and human tests on a device are at least three years old, scientists believe. 9Artificial uterus can also easily become infected with infections and the foetal heart is weak and sometimes cannot cope with artificial blood pumping. 9
Artificial uterine technology ( AWT ), which could change such probabilities, is highly anticipated for clinical use. 30At the beginning of 2017, the news of the closest to an artificial womb ( AW ) that the world had ever seen. 30Singer and Wells said that technologies that allow artificial human gestation would become "accidental" as advances in neonatal intensive care ( NIC ). 30
Scientists have nicknamed the "Biobag ", a good term for describing what is essentially a large plastic bag with a circulatory system and filled with liquid that mimics amniotic fluid. 19During pregnancy, the mother's blood flows into the child, which provides oxygen and cleanses the lungs with carbon dioxide. 19In addition to helping to bring preemies to the full term in a healthier way, Biobag - like technology could be used to treat infants whose mothers have insufficient placenta or to correct congenital heart or lung problems. 19Scientists are creating the Most Successful achievements of modern medicine, one of the Most spectacular of which has been a sharp reduction in infant mortality. 19
Scientists hope that one day they will use similar technology in humans to help younger children grow healthily. 23Alan Flake of Philadelphia's children's Hospital has led the team to develop and test the new artificial uterus. 23In most cases, a baby in an artificial uterus would be removed at that time to reduce the risk of infection and blood clots supplied with the device. 23
David N Hoffman, a public health advocate and clinical ethics officer, notes that although EUSD may change the concept of foetal viability from lung development, it would not change the current relationship between the foetus and the mother during pregnancy. 4

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